Multiple Linear Regression.

When we are having more than one input columns and our data is in some sort of linear form then we use multiple linear regression. 

Multiple linear regression is just an extension of simple linear regression.

Multiple linear regression draws a linear plane in our data set which passes from every point closely.

There are two types of multiple linear regression.

1. Ordinary least square(OLS)

2. Generalized least square (GLS)

Mathematical Intuition

Code for Multiple Linear Regression.

pandas library is used for performing functions related datasets.

For performing multiple linear aggression we use sklearn library.

train_test_split function is used for training the data set.

DataSet

Car	Model	Volume	Weight	CO2

Toyota	Aygo	1000	790	99
Mitsubishi	Space Star	1200	1160	95
Skoda	Citigo	1000	929	95
Fiat	500	900	865	90
Mini	Cooper	1500	1140	105
VW	Up!	1000	929	105
Skoda	Fabia	1400	1109	90
Mercedes	A-Class	1500	1365	92
Ford	Fiesta	1500	1112	98
Audi	A1	1600	1150	99
Hyundai	I20	1100	980	99
Suzuki	Swift	1300	990	101
Ford	Fiesta	1000	1112	99
Honda	Civic	1600	1252	94
Hundai	I30	1600	1326	97
Opel	Astra	1600	1330	97
BMW	1	1600	1365	99
Mazda	3	2200	1280	104
Skoda	Rapid	1600	1119	104
Ford	Focus	2000	1328	105
Ford	Mondeo	1600	1584	94
Opel	Insignia	2000	1428	99
Mercedes	C-Class	2100	1365	99
Skoda	Octavia	1600	1415	99
Volvo	S60	2000	1415	99
Mercedes	CLA	1500	1465	102
Audi	A4	2000	1490	104
Audi	A6	2000	1725	114
Volvo	V70	1600	1523	109
BMW	5	2000	1705	114
Mercedes	E-Class	2100	1605	115
Volvo	XC70	2000	1746	117
Ford	B-Max	1600	1235	104
BMW	2	1600	1390	108
Opel	Zafira	1600	1405	109
Mercedes	SLK	2500	1395	120

How Does it Work?

In Python we have modules that will do the work for us. Start by importing the Pandas module.

import pandas

The Pandas module allows us to read csv files and return a DataFrame object.

df = pandas.read_csv("data.csv")

Then make a list of the independent values and call this variable X.

Put the dependent values in a variable called y.

X = df[['Weight', 'Volume']]
y = df['CO2']

We will use some methods from the sklearn module, so we will have to import that module as well:

from sklearn import linear_model

From the sklearn module we will use the LinearRegression() method to create a linear regression object.

This object has a method called fit() that takes the independent and dependent values as parameters and fills the regression object with data that describes the relationship:

regr = linear_model.LinearRegression()
regr.fit(X, y)

Now we have a regression object that are ready to predict CO2 values based on a car's weight and volume:

#predict the CO2 emission of a car where the weight is 2300kg, and the volume is 1300cm3:
predictedCO2 = regr.predict([[2300, 1300]])

Example

See the whole example in action:

import pandas
from sklearn import linear_model

df = pandas.read_csv("data.csv")

X = df[['Weight', 'Volume']]
y = df['CO2']

regr = linear_model.LinearRegression()
regr.fit(X, y)

#predict the CO2 emission of a car where the weight is 2300kg, and the volume is 1300cm3:
predictedCO2 = regr.predict([[2300, 1300]])

print(predictedCO2)